示波极谱法测定保健药品中的褪黑激素

褪黑激素与HNO3在室温下发生硝基化反应生成褪黑激素的硝基化合物,加NH3·H2O终止反应并用甲酸 甲酸钠缓冲液控制反应液pH3,在原点电位-0.20V(vs.SCE),测量-0.50V处的二阶导数峰高。方法检出限为1μg/L,线性范围为1μg/L～200μg/L,相对标准偏差为2.6%～8.0%,加标回收率为92 0%～110 0%,测定结果与高效液相色谱法进行比较,无显著性差异。     

Practical aspects associated with location planning for maternal and perinatal assistance in Brazil

A study has been carried out aimed at reducing perinatal mortality in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro through a better distribution of health care facilities. The algorithmic aspects are detailed elsewhere and here the emphasis is on practical issues and difficulties encountered. A 3-level hierarchical model was developed. Both uncapacitated and capacitated versions are briefly described together with some results based on actual data. The project brought to light many contradictions between OR theory and practice in developing countries and, unfortunately, the models developed were not implemented by the municipality health authorities. Possible reasons for this outcome are analysed.     

磁性纳米标记检测技术在生物医学即时检测领域的研究进展

基于磁性纳米材料的磁标记检测技术具有灵敏度高、线性范围广、信号检测便捷等优点。由于生物样品自身磁背景信号极低,相比于光学标记检测技术,磁标记检测技术在蛋白质、核酸、细胞、病原体及生物组织检测中均表现出更高的灵敏度,在生物医学即时检测领域展现了良好的应用前景。该文围绕磁性纳米粒在即时检测领域的最新研究进展,重点介绍了其在蛋白质、核酸以及几类病原体检测方面的应用,并对基于磁性纳米粒的即时检测技术发展方向及应用前景进行了展望。     

A note on the thermodynamics of dimanganese and dirhenium decacarbonyls

The results of low temperature heat capacity studies on Mn₂(CO)₁₀(s) and Re₂(CO)₁₀(s) are compared with literature reports. It is shown that the values of vaporization enthalpies and entropies correspond with those of the low temperature stable phase.     

急性脑梗死介入治疗术后护理

总结了15例急性脑梗死患者动脉介入治疗术后的护理体会,阐述了术后在心理护理、呼吸道护理、持续抗凝治疗、防止脑出血以及出院指导、康复锻炼等方面所采取的措施,这些是预防重要并发症发生,使患者顺利康复的重要因素。     

市场化改革背景下养老机构服务供给博弈研究

考虑政府补贴、市场化程度、养老机构服务成本、老年人偏好等因素,构建了完全国有化、公私并存的半市场化和完全市场化三种情形下公办和民办养老机构之间的两阶段博弈模型,比较分析了市场化程度对养老机构服务价格制定和服务水平选择的影响,实证讨论了各参数变化对养老机构收益及社会福利的影响。研究表明:完全市场化机制会降低养老机构服务质量,完全国有化机制会陷入社会福利陷阱,探索公私并存的最佳市场化水平才能更好地提高社会福利;适度推进市场化改革,提高养老机构服务水平,降低民办养老机构服务成本,适度提高对民办养老机构的补贴,将有效缓解公办和民办养老机构的不公平竞争;提高老年人支付能力,推进养老机构供给侧结构性改革,将保障机构养老服务的有效供给,促进养老服务业的健康有序发展。     

Quality through the pharmaceutical chain of care

Many medical professionals are involved in patient care processes. For pharmaceutical care this results in many information transfer moments. To provide optimal care, communication and information the transfer should be conducted in a timely manner, fully transparent, complete and relevant. The TRANSFORM project is directed towards the development of a reference information model of the pharmaceutical care chain with the aim to improve the availability (time, place, completeness) and access of pharmaceutical information regarding patients, thereby resulting in continuity and quality of pharmaceutical care, reduction in medical errors and improvement in patient safety through the design of a safer healthcare system. TRANSFORM leads to improved insight into the processes and data transfer points in the pharmaceutical chain of care. Focussed on laboratory medicine and pharmacy, the implementation of the integration of laboratory test and pharmacy information may result in major improvements in drug therapy monitoring and guidance (i.e. drug impact monitoring). Because of the overwhelming amount of data generated by this integration of drugs, drug effects and laboratory test results, an online decision support system is warranted.Presented at the 9th Conference on Quality in the Spotlight, 18–19 March 2004, Antwerp, Belgium.The following paper may appear at first sight not to be specifically within the realm of ACQUAL. It has been accepted for publication anyway as it is about reliable handling of data, incl. measurement results, which lead to important decisions (in this case related to a patient). The reliability of handling (a large amount of) measurement results towards a basis for important decisions, is a very important feature of the use of such results.Paul De Bièvre, Editor in Chief     

Analysis of long-term distributions of calibration parameters and calibration intervals for an atomic absorption spectrophotometer

 A combination of "black box" and "calendar-time" methods for the determination of calibration intervals of an analytical measuring instrument is discussed. Since the methods require information on the distributions of the calibration parameters, such information is described for an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, as an example. The hypotheses on the normal distribution of the calibration parameters are tested using the ω²-criterion and accepted at 0.90–0.95 levels of confidence. Corresponding control charts are designed for indication of warning and action limits of the calibration parameters, and diagnoses of outliers in further calibrations. Control charts indicate also when the calibration should be done according to the full program of the equipment manufacturer. Received: 15 April 2000 / Accepted: 24 July 2000     

颈内静脉原位导丝法换置中心静脉长期血液透析导管的临床应用

目的探讨经颈内静脉原位导丝法换置中心静脉长期血液透析导管在维持性血液透析（MHD）患者中的应用价值。方法选取近3年在颈内静脉留置的中心静脉长期血液透析导管因功能障碍后，并经颈内静脉原位导丝法换置长期导管，术后及每次透析后均改用尿激酶封管患者16例（原位换置组）；选取同期首次经颈内静脉留置中心静脉长期血液透析导管,普通肝素封管患者20例作为对照组；分析两组患者围术期泵控血流量及随访期的反应及开存期率、次开存期率。结果围术期泵控血流量原位换置组高于对照组，有统计学差异（P＜0.05）；两组比较感染例次/1000导管日0.9%与1.0%，无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。原位换置组围术期未发生中重度并发症，12个月开存期率81.2%、次开存期率93.8%；对照组开存期率为65%、次开存期率85%；两组比较无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。结论颈内静脉原位导丝法换置中心静脉长期血液透析导管，在MHD患者中的使用是安全的、可行的。     

Protein-Mediated Suppression of Rolling Circle Amplification for Biosensing with an Aptamer-Containing DNA Primer

We report a method to detect proteins via suppression of rolling circle amplification (RCA) by using an appropriate aptamer as the linear primer (denoted as an aptaprimer) to initiate RCA. In the absence of a protein target, the aptaprimer is free to initiate RCA, which can produce long DNA products that are detected via binding of a fluorescent intercalating dye. Introduction of a target causes the primer region within the aptamer to become unavailable for binding to the circular template, inhibiting RCA. Using SYBR Gold or QuantiFluor dyes as fluorescent probes to bind to the RCA reaction product, it is possible to produce a generic protein-modulated RCA assay system that does not require fluorophore- or biotin-modified DNA species, substantially reducing complexity and cost of reagents. Based on this modulation of RCA, we demonstrate the ability to produce both solution and paper-based assays for rapid and quantitative detection of proteins including platelet derived growth factor and thrombin.